Allergic diseases/conditions are generally characterised by a range of symptoms. Where these symptoms are known to be caused by an allergic reaction the condition is known as an atopic disease. Typical allergic reactions in childhood include Dermatitis/Eczema, Rhinitis, Asthma, Food allergy, allergies to Latex products as well as Wasp and Bee stings.

Most allergies can be managed by the child's GP, while more complex ones will require treatment by a specialist. A specialist paediatric will be able to test for, diagnose and treat the more complex and, occasionally life-threatening paediatric allergic conditions, such as anaphylaxis. Treatments vary widely and range from antihistamines, antibiotics to various immunotherapy courses.