Fibromyalgia: Treatment, symptoms, advice and help

About fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a complex disorder characterised by a spectrum of vague clinical symptoms with episodes of remission and relapse. The affected individual exhibits abnormal pain perception involving muscles, tendons and other soft tissues. The exact cause of this syndrome has not been detected yet and unfortunately it is an incurable condition.

Fibromyalgia: Incidence, age and sex

Fibromyalgia is a disorder encountered in about 5% of the general population. However it remains unnoticed in a lot of individuals due to the vague nature of complaints. Although it may occur in any age group, it is predominantly seen in women in their 30s and 40s.

Signs and symptoms of fibromyalgia: Diagnosis

The clinical features of chronic fatigue syndrome are generalised and vague, resulting in late diagnosis or failure to diagnose the condition in some individuals. The most prominent symptom is the abnormal perception of pain in specific areas of body also called ‘tender areas’. Such tender areas are neck, shoulder, lower back, knees and elbows. The pain is characteristically due to muscle spasms and the individual experiences tightness and a knotted feel in the muscles. Other symptoms like prolonged and tremendous fatigue associated with persistent headache may also be seen. Some individuals may also experience lack of concentration, memory problems, sleep disturbances and mood changes and painful periods. Some individuals may also experience common gastro-intestinal, urinary or cardiac symptoms.

Fibromyalgia is a complicated disorder which is very difficult to diagnose. The doctor may take a detailed history and conduct a thorough physical examination to rule out any organ disorder. Certain blood tests may also be advised to rule out other diseases and finally arrive at the appropriate diagnosis.

Causes and prevention of fibromyalgia

The cause of fibromyalgia is not exactly clear, though some factors have been postulated to be related to this syndrome. Factors like poor immunity or emotional and physical stress may play a causative role in fibromyalgia. Furthermore, fibromyalgia may also be associated with certain disorders like chronic fatigue syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, or irritable bowel syndrome.

Fibromyalgia: Complications

This complex syndrome may result in tremendous distress to the affected individual and also affect him/her not only physically but also emotionally and socially. It may lead to disruption of daily chores due to persistent tiredness and frequent episodes of muscle aches. However, no grave health concerns have yet been documented.

Fibromyalgia: Treatment

It is very unfortunate that fibromyalgia has no cure as of present. Its clinical progression is quite unpredictable and may play a variable course. Some individuals may be fortunate enough to be relieved by it within a few years but it may stay lifelong in some persons. Symptomatic relief may be provided with medications for sleep and muscle and joint pains. Some individuals with mood changes may warrant anti-depressants. Regular physical exercise and physiotherapy may also play a role in managing the constant muscle aches. A healthy, nutritional diet along with relaxation techniques may go a long way in controlling this disorder.